Automitrailleuse à chenilles Renault FT modèle 1917, dikenal sebagai FT-17 atau FT17, adalah sebuah tank ringan Perancis, salah satu desain tank yang paling revolusioner dan berpengaruh dalam sejarah.
FT adalah tank pertama dengan turet yang bisa berputar, mesin yang terletak dibelakang dan pengemudi di depan menjadi satu konvensional, menjadi inspirasi untuk desain tank sampai saat ini. FT Renault juga dikenal sebagai "tank modern pertama di dunia ".
Percobaan produksi tank ringan dimulai Mei 1916 oleh produsen mobil terkenal Louis Renault. Bukti kuat menunjukkan bahwa Renault sendiri yang menyusun rancangan awal, Salah satu desainer yang paling berbakat, Rodolphe Ernst-Metzmaier, yang menyiapkan gambar akhir.
FT didesain pada tahun 1916 dan mulai di produksi pada bulan ada April 1917, murah dan cocok untuk produksi massal mencapai kurang lebih 4500 unit, secara luas digunakan oleh Perancis dan Amerika Serikat pada Perang Dunia I, setelah tanggal 31 Mei 1918 M.
Setelah Perang Dunia II, FT diekspor ke banyak negara (Polandia, Finlandia, Estonia, Lithuania, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Cekoslowakia, Swiss, Belgia, Belanda, Spanyol, Brazil, Turki, Iran, Afghanistan, dan Jepang) dan juga dimodifikasi ulang menjadi variasi-variasi yang berbeda. Mereka kemudian mengambil bagian dalam banyak konflik seperti Perang Saudara Rusia, Polandia-Soviet, Perang Saudara Cina, Perang Saudara Spanyol, dll. tank FT beroperasi sampai tahun 1949 M.
Perang Dunia I
kanan : FT early production version with the Berliet rounded turret, and factory dark olive green. The first cast turrets, complex and costly to manufacture, were later replaced by a new model, the "Omnibus" made of riveted plates, either octagonal or rounded.
kiri : The standard FT of 1917, equipped with a 7.92 mm (0.32 in) Hotchkiss machine gun. About two thirds of all FTs produced during the war were "females" like it.
kanan : Unknown unit, with the octagonal variant of the "Omnibus turret" developed by Berliet, which was probably the cheapest to produce.
kanan : Unknown unit, with the octagonal variant of the "Omnibus turret" developed by Berliet, which was probably the cheapest to produce.
kiri : Unknown unit, chassis 66562 "Le Tigre", tiger pattern, 1918.
kanan : Fall 1918 or 1919, five-tone pattern, later named the "Japanese style".
kanan : Fall 1918 or 1919, five-tone pattern, later named the "Japanese style".
kiri: Unknown unit, "Le Tigre", fall 1917. "The Tiger" was the nickname of the popular French president, Georges Clémenceau.
kanan: Unknown unit, early 1918, three tone camouflage, applied on the original factory khaki.
kanan: Unknown unit, early 1918, three tone camouflage, applied on the original factory khaki.
kiri: FT Char Canon "La Victoire", unknown unit, 1918.
kanan: Renault FT, Berliet model with the Girod turret, 506E RAS, 1918.
Masa Interwar dan Variasi Lain
kiri: Renault TSF, in khaki livery, early 1918.
kanan: FT 75 BS, howitzer armed version. About 40 were built after the end of the war. Here is an example (unknown unit) with a three-tone 1918 factory-applied camouflage (without bordering stripes).
kiri: FT "Passe-partout" from the 1st Company, 2nd Section, 2nd Battalion, 1st Polish Tank Regiment, Lodz, 1920.
kanan: Polish Renault "Lis" from the 1st Tank Regiment, Puk Czolgow.
kiri: Lithuanian FT(mod) "Slibinas", 3rd Company, Lithuanian Tank Battalion, Radviliskis 1925.
kanan: "Freedom Fighter Comrade Lenin" the first Soviet built tank, copied after captured FTs, 1920.
kiri: FT-17, 112nd slow-running Tank battalion, Briest 1935
kanan: Type 79 Ko-Gata, Manchuria 1937.
kiri: Carro de Assalto, Brazilian FT, 1935.
kanan: 6-Ton tank M1917, armed with the Marlin machine gun, garrisoned for training at Fort Knox in 1920-1925.
kiri: 6-Ton Tank M1917, 37 mm (1.46 in) gun version, from the USMC light tank platoon, East Coast expeditionary force, Tientsin, China, 1927.
Perang Dunia II
kiri: Finnish Renault FT, "Koiras" (gun version) in the original med-grey livery. Click the image to see the Neiraas.
kanan: Renault FT modifié 31 (sometimes "FT 31"), modernized version, from the 31st BCC.
kiri: Renault FT 31, 33rd BCC, France, May 1940.
kanan: FT 31, 63rd BCC, Aleppo, Syria, 1940.
kiri: 1st Armored Tank Batallion of the Yugoslavian Royal Army, April 1941.
kanan: PanzerKampfwagen 17R 730(F), from a driver's training unit in France, 1943.
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kiri: PanzerKampfwagen 730(F), France, winter 1944.
Spesifikasi
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kanan: Renault FT, Berliet model with the Girod turret, 506E RAS, 1918.
Masa Interwar dan Variasi Lain
kiri: Renault TSF, in khaki livery, early 1918.
kanan: FT 75 BS, howitzer armed version. About 40 were built after the end of the war. Here is an example (unknown unit) with a three-tone 1918 factory-applied camouflage (without bordering stripes).
kiri: FT "Passe-partout" from the 1st Company, 2nd Section, 2nd Battalion, 1st Polish Tank Regiment, Lodz, 1920.
kanan: Polish Renault "Lis" from the 1st Tank Regiment, Puk Czolgow.
kiri: Lithuanian FT(mod) "Slibinas", 3rd Company, Lithuanian Tank Battalion, Radviliskis 1925.
kanan: "Freedom Fighter Comrade Lenin" the first Soviet built tank, copied after captured FTs, 1920.
kiri: FT-17, 112nd slow-running Tank battalion, Briest 1935
kanan: Type 79 Ko-Gata, Manchuria 1937.
kiri: Carro de Assalto, Brazilian FT, 1935.
kanan: 6-Ton tank M1917, armed with the Marlin machine gun, garrisoned for training at Fort Knox in 1920-1925.
kiri: 6-Ton Tank M1917, 37 mm (1.46 in) gun version, from the USMC light tank platoon, East Coast expeditionary force, Tientsin, China, 1927.
Perang Dunia II
kiri: Finnish Renault FT, "Koiras" (gun version) in the original med-grey livery. Click the image to see the Neiraas.
kanan: Renault FT modifié 31 (sometimes "FT 31"), modernized version, from the 31st BCC.
kiri: Renault FT 31, 33rd BCC, France, May 1940.
kanan: FT 31, 63rd BCC, Aleppo, Syria, 1940.
kiri: 1st Armored Tank Batallion of the Yugoslavian Royal Army, April 1941.
kanan: PanzerKampfwagen 17R 730(F), from a driver's training unit in France, 1943.
kiri: PanzerKampfwagen 730(F), France, winter 1944.
Spesifikasi
- Weight: 6.5 tonnes
- Length: 5.00 m (16 ft 5 in)
- Width: 1.74 m (5 ft 9 in)
- Height: 2.14 m (7 ft 0 in)
- Crew: 2 (commander, driver)
- Armor: 8 to 22 mm (0.31 to 0.87 in)
- Senjata: Puteaux SA 1918 37mm gun or 8mm Hotchkiss machine gun
- Engine: Renault 4-cyl, 4.5 litre, water-cooled . Gasoline (petrol) pump. Engine oil pump . Zenith preset carburetor. Magneto ignition.
- Power/weight: 5 hp/tonne
- Transmission: sliding gear; four speeds forward, one in reverse. One main clutch plus 2 subsidiary clutches ( one for each of the 2 tracks ) used for steering the tank.
- Suspension: vertical springs
- Fuel capacity: 95 litres (about 8 hours)
- Operational range: 60 km (37 mi)
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